Bulgaria
Bulgaria Investment Residence (Permanent Residence by Investment)
Also known as: Bulgaria Golden Visa (residency), Bulgarian Investor Permanent Residence, Investment Residence Permit
- Min investment
- $553K
- Program tier
- Permanent Residency
- Program type
- Golden Visa
- Initial validity
- 5 yr
- Renewable
- Yes
- Path to PR
- Immediate
- Path to citizenship
- 5 yr
- Schengen access
- Yes
Investment options
Govt Bonds
$553KBGN 1,000,000 (~EUR 511,000) invested in Bulgarian government bonds / securities or a licensed Bulgarian alternative investment fund, held for at least 5 years. Grants PERMANENT residence directly (no temporary-first step).
Business Investment
$553KBGN 1,000,000 in the capital/shares of a Bulgarian company carrying out a certified priority investment project, or an increase of company capital to create jobs in a high-unemployment region. Subject to the 2023 stricter source-of-funds and preliminary-approval rules.
Physical presence
Path to citizenship
- Available: Yes
- Minimum years: 5
- Physical-presence years: 5
- Language test: Yes
Bulgaria's fast-track citizenship-by-investment ('golden passport') was CLOSED in 2021 (Citizenship Act amendment). Today an investor PR holder may naturalise after ~5 years, but only on the ordinary terms: actual residence, Bulgarian-language proficiency, and — critically — RENUNCIATION of prior citizenship (Bulgaria does not permit dual citizenship via naturalisation). The old 'double the investment for fast-track citizenship' option no longer exists.
Tax implications
- Becomes tax resident automatically: No
- Worldwide income taxed: No
- Territorial tax system: No
- Day-count for tax residency: 183 days
- Wealth tax: No
Bulgaria has a flat 10% personal income tax and a flat 10% corporate tax — the lowest headline rates in the EU. Tax residency is triggered by 183+ days OR centre of vital interests; holding PR alone does not make you tax-resident. No wealth tax. Dividends are taxed at 5%.
Family inclusion
- Spouse: Yes
- Children under 18: Yes
- Dependent adult children: No
- Parents: Yes
Spouse and minor children can obtain residence; dependent parents and adult children are possible under family-reunification rules once the principal holds residence.
Additional fees
- Application fee: $250
- Government fees: $600
- Legal/agent (est.): $12K
State fees are modest; the cost is the investment itself plus legal/advisory, escrow, and (for the bond route) brokerage fees. Health insurance and a Bulgarian address are required. The 2023 rules add a preliminary-approval step and a government-template source-of-funds declaration.
Eligibility requirements
- Non-EU/EEA/Swiss national, age 18+
- Qualifying investment of BGN 1,000,000 (bonds/fund or certified company project)
- Preliminary approval of the investment from the Bulgarian authorities (2023 rules)
- Government-template source-of-funds declaration + EU/Bulgarian bank reference
- Clean criminal record and valid health insurance
Disqualifiers
- Inability to document a lawful source of funds
- Sanctioned nationality or adverse-media / security flags
- Reliance on the closed golden-passport (citizenship-by-investment) route
Recent changes
- 2021-02
Bulgaria's citizenship-by-investment ('golden passport') fast-track was abolished by amendment to the Citizenship Act; the bond route no longer leads to expedited citizenship.
- 2023-06
Stricter rules for the residency-by-investment program: mandatory preliminary approval of the investment, EU/Bulgarian bank reference, a government-template source-of-funds declaration, and evidence of professional/investment activity — to curb fraud.
Notes
Bulgaria's appeal is a permanent-residence-from-day-one investor route at a relatively low EU price point, paired with the EU's lowest flat taxes (10%). But two caveats matter: (1) the fast-track CITIZENSHIP option closed in 2021, so this is a residency program, and naturalisation later requires renouncing your current citizenship; (2) the 2023 rules tightened source-of-funds and approval requirements. This is general information, not legal, tax, or investment advice — verify current thresholds and conditions with the Bulgarian authorities before relying on them.
EasyPassport is a document-organization tool focused on citizenship by descent. This page is reference research, not legal or financial advice. Always verify with the official program authority.